Andrej Karpathy describes a widening funnel in perceptions of LLM capability

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Andrej Karpathy argues that understanding of LLM capability is diverging into a sharp funnel, with rough estimates of 6B people barely exposed, 1-2B casual users, 20M professionals using frontier LLMs in math and coding, and ~5,000 people accessing internal frontier systems. He describes increasingly ambitious agent workflows toward the narrow end, while saying human review and comprehension are starting to fall behind. He attributes the divide to problem size and duration, capability concentrated in digital and verifiable domains with economic value, and differences between free, paid, and internal access.

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